Multilevel Factors and Indicators of Atypical Neurodevelopment During Early Infancy in Japan: Prospective, Longitudinal, Observational Study

Daigo Kato   ^{1, 2, 3 *} , MD, PhD ;   Akiko Okuno   ^{4 *} , PhD ;   Tetsuo Ishikawa   ^{1, 3, 5, 6} , PhD ;   Shoji Itakura   ⁴ , PhD ;   Shinji Oguchi   ³ ;   Yoshiyuki Kasahara   ⁷ , PhD ;   Kenji Kanenishi   ⁸ , MD, PhD ;   Yuzo Kitadai   ⁹ , MD ;   Yoshitaka Kimura   ⁷ , MD, PhD ;   Naoki Shimojo   ¹⁰ , MD, PhD ;   Kazushige Nakahara   ¹¹ , MD, PhD ;   Akiko Hanai   ^{1, 3} , PhD ;   Hiromichi Hamada   ² , MD, PhD ;   Haruta Mogami   ¹² , MD, PhD ;   Seiichi Morokuma   ¹³ , MD, PhD ;   Kazuhiro Sakurada   ^{3, 5} , PhD ;   Yukuo Konishi   ^{4 †} , MD, PhD ;   Eiryo Kawakami   ^{1, 3} , MD, PhD

¹ Department of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan

² Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan

³ Advanced Data Science Project, RIKEN Information R&D and Strategy Headquarters, Yokohama, Japan

⁴ Center for Baby Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan

⁵ Department of Extended Intelligence for Medicine, The Ishii-Ishibashi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Japan

⁶ Collective Intelligence Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Japan

⁷ Department of Maternal and Fetal Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

⁸ Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita, Japan

⁹ Department of Obstetrics, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan

¹⁰ Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan

¹¹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

¹² Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan

¹³ Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

*these authors contributed equally

†deceased